The ECU Programming Tool's "Diag" mode reads and writes the ECU over diagnostics, through the car's OBDII socket (or with a direct connection). It handles reading and writing ECM maps, internal/external Flash and Data Flash, with both a real read and a virtual read. It's always the first thing to try, before stripping the ECU out.
Required licences
EP001
EP005
Hardware / cables
AVDI
Procedure
Connect the AVDI to the PC and to the vehicle's OBDII socket, then start the ECU Programming Tool.
On the opening screen choose the "Diag" option.
Select the make of car you want to work on from the list.
Select the ECU make (Bosch, Continental/Siemens, Delphi, Kefico and the like, depending on the vehicle).
Select the memory type you want to work on: ECM maps, Internal/External Flash or Data Flash.
Press "Info" to interrogate the unit and confirm it answers and that the type detected is the right one before doing anything else.
Press "Read" to read and save the file to the PC: always do it, even if your aim is to write, because it's your backup.
Press "Write" only once you have the correct file to load; checksum correction is carried out during programming.
If the OBDII read fails, don't force it: move to "Bench" mode with a direct connection to the ECU pins, and only as a last resort to "BSL" boot mode.
Reference screenshots
Source: Manuale ECU Programming Tool, parte 1 di 3, cap. 3 (p.21-22) · ⏱ estimated time 20-60 min